唐代私学发展的阶段性特点

The Three Phases of the Private Schools' Development During Tang Dynasty

唐代私学的发展可以分为三个阶段:唐高祖至唐高宗时期,私学的发展基本沿袭传统,汉魏以来大规模经学私人讲学仍较兴盛;武则天至唐玄宗时期,传统的经学私人讲学走向衰落,蒙学性质的私塾得到较快发展;安史之乱后至唐亡,读书山林寺院蔚然成风,隐居读书成为这一阶段私学发展的显著特点,此外,家族学院的兴盛也是这一时期私学发展的一个重要特点。

The private schools' development in Tang Dynasty falls into three phases.The first period is from Emperor Tang Gao Zu to Emperor Tang Gao Zong ,while the private schools followed tradition ultimately. The second period is from Emperoress Wu Ze Tian to Emperor Tang Xuan Zong .During this time the traditional private schools , Si-Ren-Jiang-Xue (corresponding to college) was disappearing ,and Shu-Xue (corresponding to elementary school) went up quickly.The third period is from An-Shi-Rebellion to the end of Tang Dynasty , when Yin-Ju-Du-Shu(self-study in mountain or fane)became a fashion,and the flourishing of Jia-Zu-Xue-Yuan (family school) is also the important characteristic in this phase.