传统社会发展动力学说的解释性难题及其反思

The Difficult Problem of Traditional Theory of Social Development and Some Reflection

传统社会发展动力学说的中轴是经济—政治系统 ,它撇开了自然生态和人的丰富交往实践活动 ,是仅以生产力和生产关系概念为基础而展开的层层递推式的理论学说 ,只适合于描述匮乏型和冲突型的社会结构 ,并解释从传统的农业社会向工业社会的过渡 ,而不适宜于描述富裕型和公民社会型的社会结构 ,也不适于解释成熟的工业社会及后工业社会。现代社会及其整合系统已经由传统的层级式和金字塔式的结构转变成内部系统既十分复杂、又有着高度相关性的社会系统结构 ,这是传统社会发展动力学说发生解释性难题的关键。传统社会发展动力学说只宜看成是总体性的潜在的历史哲学理论 ,并在这一意义上与马克思唯物史观沟通 ,而不宜直接看成是局部的和显在的社会发展理论。反省传统社会发展动力学说的解释性难题 ,同样也应当成为今日中国人文社会科学范式变革的重要课题。

The core of traditional theory of social development is economic-political system. The traditional theory of social development, which is based on concepts such as productivity and productive relation and formed a layer-layer theory system, is just explained the traditional society that we called pinching and collision society, and also the transformation from the agriculture society to the industry society, but not to explain the modern industry and post-industry society that we also entitled as affluence-society and civil-society. The modern society construction has transferred from a traditional theory of social development should be regarded as a whole and also a potential philosophy theory of history, and connected to Marx's materialistic philosophy of history, but not be regarded as a partial and apparent theory of society development. Reflection on the problems of traditional theory of social development, is also an important program about the paradigm reform of Chinese humanities and social science of today.