5Ahn H, Bronge A, Johansson K, et al. Effect of continuous postoperative epidual analgesia on intestinal motility[J]. Br J Surg, 1988, 75(12):1176-1178.
6Hemdon CM, Kalauokalani DA, Cunni.ngham AJ, et al. Anticipating and treating opioid associated adverse effects[J]. Experl Opin Drug Saf, 2003, 2(3): 305-319.
7Jeal W, Benfield P. Transdermal fentanyl. A review of its pharmacological properties and therapeutic effcacy in pain control [J]. Drugs, 1997, 53(1): 109-138.
