旱区农业技术发展和农业资源利用的历史

The History of Agriculturcel Technology Development and the Utilization of Agricultural Natural Resources on the Dry Land Area

旱地农业中,耕种技术研究是个不断发展的世界性课题。从1950年代起,旱地农业出现了重大的技术变化。少耕、免耕在一些国家从开始试验发展到广泛实际应用。中国旱农技术起始很早,在古代农书中汇聚着极其丰富的经验,其中因地制宜、不违农时、耕、种、创造土壤疏松表层、品种选育、种子处理、节水灌溉、土壤用养结合等特别宝贵。作者认为随着研究的深入,研究者应遵循古为今用的原则,认真汲取古代农业生产和农学体系中的有益内容,使之在中国农业现代化建设中发挥其应有的作用。

In dry land agriculture, techniques on ploughing and sowing are ever developing global issues for research. Since 1950's there have been great changes in dry land agriculture techniques. Minimum tillage or no-tillage developed from primary testing to widely practiced in some countries. Dry land agriculture was started very early in China, and very rich experiences was accumulated in ancient agriculatural books, among which suiting measures to local conditions, messing no farming seasons, ploughing, sowing, mulching, water retention, crop breeding, seed treatment, water saving irrigation, and integrating soil usage with maintenance of fertility were of most value. Author thinks that, as the research gets deeper, Researchers should derive carefully, according to the spirit of the past serve the present, useful content on the experience of the ancient farming and its dry land agricultural system, making them play a due referential part in modern China agricultural production.