启蒙与体制化:晚清近代农学的兴起

The Initiation and Systematization: The Rise of the Modern Agronomy in Late Qing Dynasty

本文从古代中国的“经验农学”与近代西方的“实验农学”的本质区别入手,重点阐述晚清知识阶层对近代西方农学知识的认知、提倡、引进、传播的过程,同时指出了晚清政府在农学启蒙中所确立的发展近代农业科技的兴农措施,促进了从经验农学向实验农学的历史性转变,推动了近代农业科技从启蒙到体制化的历史进程。

From the essential difference between the empirical agronomy and experimental agronomy, author expounds the process that the agricultural scientists cognized, promoted, introduced and spreaded the western agronomy in late Qing dynasty. Meanwhile, author also points out that the agriculture encouraging measure issued by the government in late Qing dynasty accelerated the change from empirical agronomy to experimental agronomy and promoted Chinese agriculture on the way from the initiation of the agricultural science and technology to the systematization of the agricultural science and technology.