火器多发伤时血液动力学变化特点的研究

The hemodynamic changes after multiple firearm injuries in a swine model

目的 通过建立小型猪火器多发伤模型 ,探讨多发伤时血液动力学变化的特点。方法 采用 5 8mm子弹射击颅顶骨和双侧股骨 ,制作火器多发伤模型。 12只小型猪随机分为对照组(不致伤 )和多发伤组各 6只。观察创伤后平均动脉压 (MAP)、平均肺动脉压 (MPAP)、肺动脉嵌压(PCWP)、心输出量 (CO)、外周血管阻力指数 (SVRI)以及门静脉血流量和胃粘膜内 pH值的变化特点。结果 对照组血液动力学指标无明显变化 ;多发伤组伤后MAP一过性升高 ,4 8～ 72h出现“高排低阻”现象 :心输出量明显增加 ,平均动脉压和体循环外周阻力指数下降 (伤后 72h为 978± 6 5 ) ,MPAP和PCWP升高 ;门静脉血流量下降伤后 72h为 [(344± 84 )ml·kg-1·min-1];胃粘膜缺血缺氧。结论 火器多发伤后在无严重失血情况下也会发生全身血流重新分布 ,内脏灌流不足。

ObjectiveTo investigate the hemodynamic changes after multiple firearm injuries in a swine model. Methods Twelve pigs were divided into 2 groups randomly, with control group ( n =6) subjected to catheterization only. Multiple trauma group ( n =6) was subjected to tangential fracture of parietal bone and comminuted fractures of bilateral femora (ISS≥16) using 5 8 mm bullets. The hemodynamic changes, including MAP, PAP, PAWP, CO, SVRI and portal vein blood flow, were observed at different time intervals up to 72 h after trauma or catheterization. At the same time, gastric pHi was measured as well. Results Compared with control group pigs in multiple trauma group suffered a hyperdynamic circulation developed at 48～72 hours. The cardiac output rose and vascular resistance declined obviously. The pulmonary artery pressure and pulmonary capillary wedge pressure elevated significantly. Mean artery pressure, portal vein blood flow and gastric pHi declined significantly. Conclusion Without severe blood loss and hemorrhagic shock, the decrease of portal vein blood flow and viscera underperfusion still took place after multiple firearm injuries.