我国种植业生产结构调整与比较优势变动的实证分析

An Empirical Study on Evolution of Comparative Advantage and Structure Adjustment in Chinese Cropping Sector

文章分析了1993—2001年我国粮食与经济作物相对比较优势的变化趋势,并将两者之间结构调整的情况与之对照。研究结果表明,1994—1996年间由于"米袋子"省长负责制和粮食收购价格大幅度提高等政策因素的影响,生产结构的调整方向与比较优势原则相悖;而1997年以来,由于政府减少了对粮食生产和流通的干预,生产结构调整的方向与比较优势原则基本一致。因此,进一步深化市场导向的改革有利于提高农业资源配置的效率。

Based on the change of their relative comparative advantage during 1993-2001,the article analyzes the structure adjustment between grain and economic crops.It is found that during 1994-1996,some factors such as the 'governor responsibility system' and sharp increase in grain procurement prices lead to the inconsistency between structural adjustment and comparative advantage, and after that ,the two trends have come together because the government reduced the interventions on grain production and marketing.So a deeper marketoriented reform will improve the efficiency of resource allocation in Chinese agriculture.