电厂粉煤灰的特征及其综合利用

Features and utilization of fly ash in power station

粉煤灰是燃煤电厂排出的固体废弃物,主要成分有SiO2、Al2O3、CaO、Fe2O3等。粉煤灰是一种高分散度的固相集合体,含有大量的非晶质的空心微珠。矿物组分主要为未燃尽的碳粒、α-石英、方解石、钙长石、赤铁矿、磁铁矿和残留的煤矸石等。粉煤灰具有较好的活性,是人工火山灰质材料,常被利用于城镇建设之中。对粉煤灰中空心微珠、碳粒、铁粉、氧化铝的分选和利用,既能提高粉煤灰的综合利用率,又有较高的经济价值,是保护环境、变废为宝的有效途径。

The fly ash is a kind of solid waste materials from the power station,and its main composition includes SiO2,Al2O3,CaO,and Fe2O3. It is a dispersive solid mix,including lots of amorphous hollow glass microheads. Its main mineralogical components are unburnt carbon grain,αquartz,callite,anorthite,hematite,magnetite and residual coal gangue. The fly ash has pretty good activity and is a kind of manmade tephros material,so it is often used in the building of cities and towns. The sorting and utilization of hollow glass microheads,carbon grain,iron powder and alumina in the fly ash can improve the usage efficiency of the fly ash,and it is also an effective way of protecting environment and changing the waste material into the useful things.