北京市丰台区流动已婚育龄妇女生殖道感染、相关知识及求医行为调查

Investigation on reproductive tract infection among floating married women of childbearing age in Fengtai district in Beijing

目的 调查流动已婚育龄妇女的生殖道感染 (RTI)现状、求医行为及相关知识。方法采用分层随机抽样方法调查 2 0 6 9人 ,采用统一方法进行问卷调查、妇科检查和实验室检验。结果北京市丰台区流动育龄妇女RTI总患病率为 30 .3% (6 2 6 2 0 6 9) ,其中细菌性阴道病、念珠菌性阴道炎、滴虫性阴道炎的患病率分别为 2 2 .2 %、4 .9%、2 .1% ,衣原体感染、淋病、尖锐湿疣、梅毒的患病率分别为 2 .1%、1.6 %、0 .5 %、0 .2 %。RTI患者中只有 4 3.1% (2 70 6 2 6 )的人自我报告有生殖道感染的症状 ,而 5 6 .9% (35 6 6 2 6 )的患者自我报告无任何症状。在有症状的患者中求医的比例只有 6 1.5 %(16 6 2 70 )。结论 流动育龄已婚妇女RTI患病率较高 ,RTI患者中无症状比例高 ,就诊意识差 ,缺乏RTI相关防治知识 ,计划生育机构应通过各种途径进行宣教和提供RTI防治服务。

Objective In order to develop plans for effective intervention measures, prevalence and health-seeking behavior related to reproductive tract infection among floating married women of childbearing age in Fengtai district in Beijing were studied. Methods Cross-sectional study was carried out. Two thousand and sixty-nine eligible women were randomly selected from strata based on their home provinces. From June to July 2001, the subjects were given face-to-face interview at the Fengtai family planning clinic in Beijing using standard questionnaire followed by gynecologic examination and laboratory tests. Results Thirty point three percent of the subjects were found to have reproductive tract infections (RTI) by laboratory tests. Prevalence rates of bacterial vaginosis, candida and trichomonas vaginitis were 22.2 %, 4.9 % and 2.1 % respectively. Prevalence rates of chlamydia, gonorrhea, condyloma acuminatum and syphilis were 2.2 %, 1.6 %, 0.5 % and 0.2 % respectively. Of these infected women, only 43.1 % (270/626) were symptomatic, and 61.5 % (166/270) of these women with symptoms had sought treatment. Conclusion Compared to other results in the literature, we found a relatively high prevalence of RTI in our study population. Only a small proportion of these infected women were symptomatic but only few of them sought treatment. We suggested that the provision of more family planning service and promotion of RTI knowledge to the floating women of childbearing age.