近世以前朝鲜王朝算学职官员晋升体系刍议

Humble Opinion on the Promotion System of the Mathematical Officials during Joseon Korea before the Modern Times

通过对《朝鲜王朝实录》《经国大典》等史料的梳理,考察算学职官员的晋升问题,认为朝鲜王朝经过累年的发展,形成了一套从算学生徒培养到一定品阶致仕的完整的晋升体系,算学职官员对于算学生徒的培养与选拔具有决定性作用。在晋升体系中存在'从会士到计士或算学别提'和'从算学训导到算学教授'两套晋升路径,并且官职品阶与职位的重要性不存在很密切的关联。鉴于算学职官员的数量与职位定额之间存在直接矛盾,朝鲜王朝采取了交替工作、满品致仕的做法,导致算学职官员在致仕后走向不同的发展路径,这为算学职官员与其他人员的交往创造了条件,为其家族之间的往来、算学社会阶层的形成奠定了良好的基础。

The paper examines the promotion system of the mathematical officials based on the historical materials such as The Annals of the Joseon Korea and The National Classics and argues that Joseon formed a comprehensive promotion system from the cultivation of mathematical students to the retirement of the officials with certain ranks.Besides,mathematical officials played a decisive role in the cultivation and selection of mathematical students.In the promotion system,there were two trajectories for the students to get promoted-one is'Hoisa-Gisa-Sanhagbieolce',and the other is'Sanhaghundo-Sanhaggiosu',both of which did not demonstrate strong connections between official ranks and the significance of positions.As a result of the direct conflicts between the large number of the mathematical officials and the limited official positions,Joseon adopted the methods of'working by turns'and'retirement after reaching certain ranks'.Such methods led to the consequence of divergence in the career paths of the mathematical officials,which made it possible for the mathematical officials to associate with people with different backgrounds,laying the foundation for the interaction among families,as well as the formation of a mathematical social circle.