欧盟开放数据的元数据标准DCAT-AP及启示

Metadata Standards DCAT-AP of Open Government Data in EU and Its Enlightenment

【目的/意义】系统分析与介绍欧盟开放数据的元数据标准,以期为我国的开放政府数据元数据建设提供有益的参考和借鉴。【方法/过程】从面对信息市场的"碎片化"而提升元数据的互操作性出发,依次介绍欧盟的三种元数据标准:通用的DCAT-AP、地理领域的GeoDCAT-AP与统计领域的StatDCAT-AP,及其它们的实施指南和应用情况。【结果/结论】欧盟已形成了较为完备的元数据标准体系,在元数据交换和互操作上效果显著。对我国而言,应在建设开放数据的生态系统、开展元数据治理、保障元数据质量和解决语义互操作上借鉴先进经验。

【Purpose/significance】Analyze and introduce the metadata standards of Open Government Data(OGD) in the EU, with a view to providing a useful reference for China to develop the metadata standards of OGD.【Method/process】From the perspective of fragmentation in information market and interoperability of metadata, the three metadata standardsare introduced in turn: DCAT-AP, GeoDCAT-AP and StatDCAT-AP. Then it introduces their implementation guidelinesand practical applications.【Result/conclusion】The European Union has developed a relatively complete metadata standard system, which achieves remarkable results in metadata exchange and interoperability. For our country, we should drawon the advanced experience in building the open data ecosystem, carrying out metadata governance, ensuring metadata quality and solving semantic interoperability.