大数据时代中美高校数据素养教育比较研究

Comparative Study of Data Literacy Education in Chinese and American Universities in the Big Data Era

[目的/意义]通过对大数据时代中美高校数据素养教育开展情况的比较分析,旨在推动我国高校大学生数据素养教育,培养符合数据时代要求的人才。[方法/过程]运用文献收集、网络调研和比较分析的研究方法,选择美国和中国的三所高校为研究样本,从数据素养教育的四个方面——教学目标、教学内容、教学方式和教学评价体系进行讨论,分析大数据时代背景下两国高校开展数据素养教育的特点与差异,为大数据环境下我国高校的数据素养教育提供相关建议。[结果/结论]与美国相比,我国数据素养教育还处于萌芽和发展阶段。在教学目标方面,国内高校应顺应大数据时代背景,针对不同群体制定层次化目标。在教学内容方面,国内高校应加强对数据安全和数据伦理道德的培养,关注学科专业特色并开展有针对性的教学。在教学方式方面,国内高校应与其他机构开展多元合作,创新数据素养培养模式。在教学评价体系方面,国内高校应重视课程评估与反馈,建立健全数据素养教育评价体系。

[Purpose/significance]This paper aims to promote the data literacy education of college students in China and cultivate talents in line with the requirements of the data environment by making comparison between Chinese and American universities.[Method/process]Using the method of literature collection,online research and comparative analysis,three universities in China and America are selected as research samples to conduct a comparative discussion on the teaching goal,teaching material,teaching methods and teaching evaluation system.This paper analyzes the characteristics and differences of data literacy education between two countries under the big data environment and offer suggestions for the data literacy education in Chinese universities.[Result/conclusion]Compared with America,the data literacy education in China is still emerging and developing.In terms of teaching goal,domestic universities should comply with big data environment and set hierarchical goals for different groups.In terms of teaching material,schools should strengthen the education of data security and information ethics,focus on specialty characteristics and carry out targeted teaching.In terms of teaching methods,diversified cooperation with other institutions are needed to innovate data literacy training models.In terms of teaching evaluation system,it is essential to attach importance to course evaluation and feedback,then establish and improve the data literacy education evaluation system.