从使用油耗看汽车发动机的发展

The Development of Auto Engines from the Point of View of Service Fuel Consumption

本文首先概述了影响汽车使用油耗的主要因素。再从理论方面说明汽油机提高热效率的潜力。然后叙述了汽油机产品的新发展和新的探索方向。最后的结论是“产品的精益求精是前阶段发展的主流。新方向有效而被广泛实用的,是立足于精益求精的成果之上”。所以我国应首先改进产品设计和制造,而产品设计技术包括性能设计和结构设计两方面。目前我国培养的技术人员大多以性能为主,而结构方面则较少,特别缺乏具有结构设计全面基础的人材。

In this paper, first the main factors that influence service fuel consumption are briefly described. Then, how to decrease the service fuel consumption of motor vehicles is analysed theoretically. Finally, the new developments and future trends are also given in some details. This paper concludes that all existing successful engine and possibly all future ones are all finely designed and made. So we. whould first raise our design and manufacturing levels. There are two aspects of design techniques performance and structural design. Now, we are training more engineers on performance design, and so engine structure design engineers are in short supply especially with all round knowledge of structure design.