煤矿瓦斯爆炸的主要原因和应对措施

The main cause of the gas explosion in the coal mine and its countermeasures

煤矿为了利用重力运出开采的煤 ,大多以向上倾角向前掘进。煤矿巷道中溢出的瓦斯气团比空气轻 ,在空气中受浮力会沿着上倾的巷道向顶部流动 ,集聚在巷道顶部的最高点 (采煤面 )附近 ,形成体积分数为 5 %～ 15 %的瓦斯气—空气可爆混合气。这是上倾巷道顶部的一种“自恶化作用”,是煤矿瓦斯爆炸的主要原因。目前 ,煤矿采用的通风方式不能完全消除这种可爆混气的形成 ,本文给出消除煤矿瓦斯爆炸的措施。

In order to convey the coal by using gravity, most coal mines have upward angle of inclination. The gas generated from the coal in the coal lane is lighter than air, therefore, it flows on the top and moves upward till the top of the lane (near the coal face), where its concentration reaches 5%~15%-a kind of explodable gas is formed. This is the “self-deterioration”effect of the upward lane, and it is the main cause for the gas explosion. The ventilation in the mine now is not enough to eliminate the formation of the explodable gas. Based on the fact, the article provides the measures on how to eliminate the gas explosion.