定向孔道结构油水分离材料的制备及其性能研究

Preparation and Properties Characterization of Oil-water Separation Materials with Oriented Channels

以聚四氟乙烯乳液、聚乙烯醇和玻璃纤维为原料,采用冷冻铸造的方法制备了具有定向孔结构的油水分离材料。采用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和接触角测量仪对所制备材料的微观结构及表面疏水特性进行表征,通过实验室自制的连续油水分离装置对所制备材料的油水分离性能进行研究。结果表明:所制备的材料具有规则排列的定向微米孔道结构,具有显著的疏水亲油特性,与水的接触角为140°。该材料具有良好的机械强度,在压差驱动下可以对油水混合物进行连续高效的分离。对包括柴油、汽油在内的8种油品和水的混合物进行测试,分离效率均达到98%以上。

In this paper,PTFE emulsion,polyvinyl alcohol and glass fiber were used as raw materials.Oil-water separation materials with oriented channels were prepared by freeze casting.The microstructure and surface hydrophobic properties of the prepared material were characterized by scanning electron microscopy(SEM)and contact angle measuring instruments.The oil-water separation performance of the prepared material was studied on a lab-made continuous oil-water separation device.The results show that the prepared material has a regular arrangement of oriented microchannels,and exhibits significant hydrophobic and oleophilic characteristics with water contact angle determines to be 140°.The material has significant mechanical strength.Driven by differential pressure,the material can continuously and efficiently separate oil-water mixture.Eight mixtures of water and oil including gasoline and diesel were tested.The separation efficiencies for all mixtures are higher than 98%.