人工智能法律主体性的考察和探究

The investigation and inquiry into the legal subjectivity of artificial intelligence

人工智能经过60多年的发展,产生了类人思维。国内外的理论和实证研究都揭示了人工智能成为法律主体的趋势。无论是自然人主体地位的平等化,还是动物权利渐渐得到接受,抑或是非生命体法律主体资格的确认等,这些法律主体的演化历程表明人工智能具有充足的法律主体制度容纳空间。梳理康德主体哲学理论可知,自然人具有的理性能力和自主能力促使其成为法律主体。结合人工智能过去、现在和将来的发展,可以认为,科学技术的运用使人工智能获得法律主体能力的时间已不再遥远。

After more than 60 years of development,artificial intelligence has produced human-like thinking.Both theoretical and empirical studies at home and abroad have revealed the trend of artificial intelligence becoming the subject of law.Whether it is the equalization of the subject status of natural persons,the gradual acceptance of animal right,or the confirmation of the qualifications of inanimate legal subjects,the evolution of these legal subjects indicates that artificial intelligence has sufficient spare to accommodate the legal subject system.Combing through Kant’s theory of subject philosophy,it can be seen that the rational ability and autonomous ability of natural persons promote them to become legal subject.Combined with the past,present and future development of artificial intelligence,it can be considered that it is not far away for legal subjects through the application of science and technology.