渤海海峡水动力分布特征研究

The Study on Hydrodynamic Distribution Characteristics of the Bohai Strait

本文采用三维数值模拟的方法,研究了渤海海峡潮位、潮流特征以及各水道的潮通量。结果表明:渤海海峡潮时整体由南向北延迟,南部与北部相差约40 min;渤海海峡潮波兼具前进波和驻波性质,一个潮周期内两次高低潮流速相差较大,最大流速位于老铁山水道,大部分落潮时潮流由北黄海流向渤海,涨潮时相反;落急时表层流速明显大于底层,涨急时表底层流速变化不明显;渤海海峡大潮期落潮潮通量大于涨潮潮通量,总潮通量约1 224.939 6×10~8 m^3,老铁山水道的潮通量占整个海峡潮通量的68.13%。

In this paper,the tidal level,tidal current and tidal flux of each channel are studied by means of three-dimensional numerical simulation.The tide of the Bohai Strait is delayed from south to north,and the difference between the south and the north is about 40 minutes.The strait tidal current has both forward and standing wave properties.There is a big difference of the velocity between the two high tides of a tidal cycle.The maximum flow rate is located in the Lao Tieshan waterway,and most of the ebb tide flows from the North Yellow Sea to the Bohai Sea and the opposite of the flood tide.The surface velocity is significantly larger than that of the bottom layer.The surface layer and bottom layer flow rate changes are not obvious during ebb tide.The tidal flux during flood tide is greater than that during ebb tide of the Bohai Strait.The total tidal flux is about 1 224.939 6 million square meters.The tidal flux of the Laotieshan waterway accounts for 68.13%of the whole strait.