杨梅鲜叶不同溶剂提取液对白菜种子的化感效应

Allelopathic Effect of Different Solvent Extraction from Fresh Leave of Myrica rubra on Cabbage Seed

为探究杨梅鲜叶中的物质对白菜种子的化感效应,通过生物测定的方法研究了杨梅鲜叶的石油醚、乙醚、乙酸乙酯、甲醇浸提液对白菜种子萌发及幼苗生长的影响.结果表明:不同溶剂浸提液对白菜发芽及生长的影响表现不一致,石油醚相浸提液提高了白菜种子的发芽势、发芽率、发芽指数、活力指数,在根长、茎长方面表现出促进作用,其中发芽势提高了16.7%,根长促进指数达到44.3%,而在鲜重方面表现为抑制作用;乙醚相和乙酸乙酯相在茎长表现促进作用,促进指数分别为32.9%和49.8%,在其他性状均表现为抑制作用;甲醇相在所有性状均表现为显著抑制作用,发芽率仅为17.9%,发芽势最低(为0),根长和茎长抑制指数分别达到84.5%和44.3%.各相态对白菜种子发芽势、发芽率、发芽指数、活力指数、茎长和鲜重影响大小由强到弱依次为:甲醇相,乙醚相,乙酸乙酯相,石油醚相;对根长生长的影响大小由强到弱依次为:甲醇相,乙酸乙酯相,乙醚相,石油醚相.

To discover the allelopathy effects of Myrica rubra fresh leaves extracts on cabbage seeds,we used bioassay method to study the allolopathic effects of the extracts from petroleum ether,methanol,ethyl acetate,aether and water. Our results showed that there were diverse effects of different phase extracts on the germination and growth of cabbage. The extract of petroleum ether increased the germination rate(GR),germination potential(GP),germination index(GI) and vigour index(VI) of cabbage seed,and it also increased the growth of roots and stems,the GP had 16. 7% increase,and the increase rate of roots up to 44. 3%,but only bate on fresh weight. The extract of aether and ethyl acetate increased the growth of roots and stems,the increases rate were 32. 9% and 49. 8%,but they had inhibitions affections on the other side of physiological index. The extract of methanol had inhibitions on all physiological index,the GR was only 17. 9%,the GP was the lowest,only 0%,and the roots and stems' inhibition rate were 84. 5% and 44. 3%. The affections from strong to weak of different extracts on cabbage seeding GP,GR,GI,WI,stems length and fresh weight were methanol,aether,ethyl acetate and petroleum. The strong to weak influence list on growth of root was extraction phase of methanol,ethyl acetate,aether and petroleum ether.