有机物料对高产稻区土壤肥力影响的研究

Effect of Applying Organic Materials on Soil Fetility in High-yielding Rice Rehion

对高产稻区土壤在氮、磷、钾化肥高水平施用条件下,投入有机物料后对土壤肥力及其产量的影响作了探讨.研究结果表明:增添有机物料后不仅使土壤有机质、速效磷、速效钾含量增加,而且对土壤的团聚水平、团聚度和结构稳定性、通气孔隙、水容量等的土壤物理性状有显著提高;土壤内在的自动调控性能增强,其抗逆性也增加.而单施化肥区土壤有机质略有下降,速效磷增加.速效钾却亏缺.尽管单化区土壤团聚水平、团聚度比试前土壤有所增加,但孔隙水平仍与试前土壤基本类似.所以土壤内在的自动调控性能和土壤的抗逆性均不及稻厩,麦厩区.因此在灾年(多雨)是稻厩、麦厩区产量较单化区分别高10.60％和14.23％,而在正常年景其产量却无明显差异,这可能与高水平化肥施用有关.

This paper studied the effect of applying organic materials on soil fertility in high-yield rice region. Re-sults obtained as follows;The application of organic materials not only increased the organic matter, availablephosphorus and available potassium of soil,but also apparently raised the aggregation level, aggregation de-gree,steady structure, aeration porosity, specific water capacity of soil physical properties; Simultaneously, itincreased the performance of self-regulation and stress resistance of soil. Chemical ferilizer treatment increased the available phosphorus,but reduced the organic matter and avail-able potassium manure. The treatment of applying chemical fertilizer a little raised aggregation level and ag-gregation degree, but the soil's pore space level was similar with that befor test. Therefore,the perfomanceof self-regulation and stress resistance of soil in the treatment are lower than that of rice and barley organicmanure treatments. So that,the yield of rice and barley of organic manure treatments increased 10. 60% and14. 23% respectively in rainy years, but there was no distinct difference in normal years. It is probably relat-ed to the high level of fertilizger application.