立功与立言可否融通:综合大学中教育学科发展的机遇与挑战

Can Service-orientation and Academic-orientation Integrate Together? Opportunities and Challenges for the Education Discipline in Comprehensive Universities

教育学科既要满足所在大学发展的需要,又要在整个教育学科中有立足之地。满足前者,产生了教学和服务的功能;满足后者,产生了研究的功能。大学与学科的双重要求既独立,又联系。在评估和声誉机制作用下,大学也越来越关注系科的研究水平,形成了学术、政治、资源、社会四重逻辑,共同作用于大学中的学科建制。教育学科本身具有实践性强、学科性和专业化程度弱的特点。这种特点限制了其在综合大学中的地位。从发展规模和水平上,综合大学的教育学科又无法与师范大学的教育学科相抗衡。在这种两难的格局下,其出路何在呢?本文认为,综合大学的教育学科应该利用综合大学的学术优势,向其他人文和社会学科学习和借鉴,进行学科的有益交叉,通过提高其学科化的程度,来达到强化学术性的目的,最终反哺于教育学科社群,推动教育学科整体的进步。

The discipline of education in a particular higher education institution has to meet the developmental needs of both the institution and the disciplinary community.To meet the need of the former,it has to take teaching and service responsibilities.To satisfy the latter,it develops research function.The dual requirements are independent while correlated.Under the mechanism of evaluation and reputation,higher education institutions pay increasing attention to the level of academic research of departments and disciplines.This results in four logics of academic,political,resource,and social that jointly shape the formation and development of a discipline in a particular institution.On one hand,the education discipline has a nature of strong practical and weak academic characteristics,which results in the low academic standings of education departments in comprehensive universities.On the other hand,these departments cannot compete with those in normal universities in terms of the scale and level of development.What is the way out of this dilemma?This paper argues that the education discipline in comprehensive universities should take advantage of the broad scope of disciplines in such universities,learn from other humanities and social sciences disciplines,fertilize itself by cross-disciplinary collaboration,and eventually contribute to the overall development of the academic community of education discipline.