中国古诗的“开放场理论”——论《诗经》阐释实践蕴含的开放诗学

The Theory of Open Field for Traditional Chinese Poetry——Open Poetics in the Exegetic Praxis of The Shijing (Book of Songs)

一切文本都是意指表征系统,拥有特定的诠释空间。不同性质的文本具有不同规模的诠释空间。相对于其他文本,文学文本的诠释空间较大,诗歌文本的诠释空间更大,因为诗歌的意指表征颇类似于梦的文本,有着高度压缩的诠释空间。中国古诗由于其特殊的文言形式和赋比兴的表达方式,其意指表征机制使文本转化成一种自我生成的书写机器,创造了一种独特的诠释空间,形成了一种堪称'开放场理论'的内在逻辑,该逻辑在中国诗歌之源《诗经》中有着集中的体现。使用现代诗学的研究方法,对《诗经》已有的阐释和可能有的新阐释进行探讨,分析一些名篇的开放性意指和表现方式及其文本机制,有充分概念性根据提出中国古诗的'开放场理论',以建立中国古诗阐释的开放诗学。

All texts are systems of signification and representation and possess a specific hermeneutic space.Different texts have different scales of hermeneutic space.Relative to other texts,literary texts have a larger hermeneutic space and poetic texts are endowed with an even larger space,because a poetic text is similar to a dream text,with a highly compressed hermeneutic space.Due to the special form of classical language and the mode of expression in fu,bi,and xing,the mechanism of signification and representation in ancient Chinese poetry turned a poetic text into a self-generative writing machine,created a unique space for interpretation,and formulated an inner logic of what could be called open field.This logic finds a concentrated expression in the origin of Chinese poetry,The Shijing(Book of Songs),employing the research methods of modern poetics to examine the existing and possible new interpretations of The Shijing and analyzing the open ways of signification and representation and the textual mechanism of a few famous poems,we have sufficient conceptual reasons to propose a theory of open field for the purpose of establishing an open poetics for traditional Chinese poetic exegesis.