自由谱系下的儒家自由主义——兼论中国哲学方法论

Confucian Liberalism in the Free Pedigree——Also on Chinese Philosophical Methodology

自由主义是一个条件谱系,可分为多个层次,每个层次又有诸多特征。以该谱系为标准,对照儒家,可知儒家在诸多重要特征上都不满足自由主义,即缺乏自由主义的必要条件,所以,在定性上,儒家自由主义不成立。但从程度上看,儒家与自由主义弱度相似,可以称为弱度儒家自由主义或初级阶段的儒家自由主义。而那种基于个体精神、修养的儒家自由主义,其实是心态自由主义或阿Q式自由主义,也即伪自由主义。

Liberalism is a conditioned pedigree,which could be divided into several levels and each level has many characteristics.Using the pedigree as the standard,we could see that Confucianism did not satisfy liberalism in many important features.That was,it lacked necessary conditions for liberalism.Therefore,Confucian liberalism is not qualitatively established.However,to the extent that Confucianism is similar to the weakness of liberalism,Confucian liberalism could be described as weak Confucian liberalism or its primary stage.The kind of Confucian liberalism based on individualism and self-cultivation is in fact a sort of pseudo-liberalism,psycho-liberalism or an Ah Q type liberalism.