6063铝合金电池盒下壳体搅拌摩擦焊工艺试验研究

Experimental study on FSW technology of battery lower housing of 6063 aluminum alloy

试验研究了在较高的焊接速度和搅拌头的旋转速度下,6063铝合金电池盒下壳体焊接接头的力学性能和金相组织。结果表明,在高焊接速度和高旋转速度的搭配下得到的焊接接头强度可以达到母材强度的70%以上,但是部分情况下其伸长率低于母材的。焊接速度和旋转速度的改变对焊接接头强度的影响较小,但是对伸长率的影响较大。焊接速度为800 mm/min时,旋转速度设置到1 500 r/min以上可得到晶粒分明的组织,旋转速度增大会增大晶粒尺寸;搅拌头的旋转速度为1 500 r/min时,焊接速度的增加会逐渐使接头的晶界不清晰;若提升焊接速度的同时也提升旋转速度,则又可得到晶界分明的组织。

The experiment investigated mechanical properties and microstructure of the welded joint of the 6063 aluminum alloy battery lower housing under the high welding speed and high rotating speed of the stirring head. The results show that the strength of the welded joint obtained under the high welding speed and high rotating speed can reach more than70% of that of the base metal,but in some cases its elongation is lower than that of the base metal. The change of the welding speed and rotation speed has little effect on the strength of the welded joint,but has a great influence on the elongation. When the welding speed is 800 mm/min,the rotation speed is set to 1 500 r/min or more,a clear grain structure can be obtained,but increasing the rotation speed will increase the grain size;when the stirring head rotation speed is 1 500 r/min,the increase in speed will gradually result in unclear grain boundaries. If the rotation speed is increased simultaneously,a clear grain structure can be obtained.