公共空间拓展:民间传统信仰仪式开展的意外后果——以浮岗村“游神活动”实践为分析对象

Public Space Expansion: Unintended Consequences of Carrying out Traditional Folk Belief Ceremony——Analyzing the Practice of Parade for Worshipping Gods in Fugang Village

市场力量对农村社会的深度整合,不仅带来农民生活品质的提升,而且促使农民生活习惯的改变。居住空间变化、村民关系松散、公共权威式微等要素叠加导致公共空间不断萎缩,最终将导致村庄共同体的解体。然而,具有深厚民俗信仰仪式的村庄则呈现出另一番现实图景。鉴于此,我们以浮岗村"游神活动"为例,呈现"游神活动"实践过程,并从四个维度解释了"游神活动"如何拓展村庄公共空间,最后讨论了"游神活动"的民间传统信仰仪式对村庄公共空间拓展的重要意义。华南潮汕地区传承多年的"游神活动"不仅唤醒人们对自然界、神灵的尊重,而且带动了诸如此类传统民间活动的复兴,共同致力于拓展村庄公共空间,最终带来村庄社会的和谐与繁荣。某种意义上,村庄公共空间拓展不仅需要国家常规性力量的有效介入,而且应该挖掘民间文化力量对村民心理的建构路径。

The market power deeply integrates the rural society, which not only improved the living standard of peasants, but also changed their life styles. The factors of living space changing, loosing relations,declining public authority lead to the shrinking of public space and will result in the breaking up of village community. However, the villages that has profound folk belief ceremonies are totally different. For this reason, the author took the parade for worshipping Gods of Fugang village as example and showed the practice process of that and explained from four aspects how the practice expands the village public space, discussed meaning of the folk traditional belief ceremonies for expanding public space. The parade for worshipping Gods in Chaoshan area in South China which was inherited for generations awaked people's respect to the nature and Gods, and revived such folk activities that will undertake the responsibility of expanding village public space and bring in the final harmony and prosperity of village society. In a sense, the expanding needs the official intervention, and also the potential folk cultural power to construct the villagers' mentality.