众包在城市规划中的应用与展望

Application and prospect of crowdsourcing in urban planning

合理的城市规划需要公众的参与。众包作为一种新兴的数据获取与分析方式,可以有效地促进公众参与,使城市规划更加科学合理。该文首先从城市规划对公众参与的要求出发,介绍了众包应用的必要性。其次,通过案例总结城市规划中亟需众包应用的环节,并且回顾了现有的众包技术:数据收集、清洗与分析。再次,针对现有的城市规划过程,指出未来可以应用众包的前景:1)与移动终端实时互动发挥数据清洗功能,以便基于更高质量的数据辅助城市规划;2)以众包数据分析功能集成多元异构的数据,汲取公众反馈作为决策的基础。最后,该文指出政府需要进一步确定基于众包的决策范围与过程,以进一步发挥众包在城市规划中的效用。

Reasonable urban planning requires public participation.Crowdsourcing is an emerging data acquisition and information evaluation method that encourages public participation and makes urban planning more scientific.This article articulates the necessity of utilizing crowdsourcing for urban planning.Then,this study identifies the crowdsourcing phases for urban planning by summarizing several cases and reviewing existing crowdsourcing techniques for data collection,cleaning and analysis.This study then summarizes future research directions for crowdsourcing such as 1)data cleaning techniques need to be further developed for instant feedback to mobile terminals to provide high quality data for urban planning and 2)methods for integrating multisource data to extract feedback from the public as the basis for decision making.Lastly,this study shows that to effectively utilize crowdsourcing,governments should carefully define the study scope and process when implementing crowdsourcing.