航天器姿态机动的敏捷性评估

Assessing spacecraft agility

利用最优控制提高传统卫星的敏捷性收益巨大,但风险并存,为了量化敏捷性的改善程度,评估不同航天器的敏捷性,该文提出了一种评估方法。首先,对航天器传统机动和时间最优机动进行了分析。其次,以姿态机动的时间为中间量,构建了近似角加速度包络和等效敏捷包络。然后,引入了敏捷因子和敏捷性曲线的概念,对姿态机动的敏捷性进行定量评估。最后,给出了仿真算例验证方法的可靠性。仿真结果与前人的研究相印证,准确地预估了航天器的平均机动时间。结果表明:该方法可以定量地评估航天器的敏捷性,广泛适合于有角速度、角加速度等各种约束的情况。

When increasing the spacecraft agility by optimal control,risk and benefits coexist.A method was developed to assess spacecraft agility and estimate the agility enhancement.The model analyzes the conventional eigenaxis rotation and the time-optimal rotation.Then,the reorientation time was used to define an angular acceleration envelope and an equivalent agility envelope with an agility factor and an agility curve introduced to quantitatively assess the spacecraft agility.Numerical simulations validate the reliabilities of the estimates.The results are consistent with previous research and the average reorientation time is well predicted.Thus,this method is suitable for assessing spacecraft agility.