不同粒色青稞营养品质与抗氧化活性物质差异性分析

Difference analysis of nutritional quality and antioxidant activity material in different grain color of hulless barleys

彩色青稞作为一种特殊粒色的种质资源,其籽粒颜色的不同决定其品质的不同。为了解彩色(种皮)青稞营养品质(淀粉、膳食纤维、蛋白质)和抗氧化活性物质(总酚、黄酮、维生素E)含量与白色(种皮)青稞的差异,为彩色青稞在营养和保健食品加工中的应用提供数据支撑。淀粉含量参照GB 5009.9—2016测定、膳食纤维含量参照GB 5009.88—2014测定、蛋白质含量参照GB 5009.5—2010测定,总酚参照福林酚比色法、维生素E参照高效液相色谱法,分别对7份白粒、2份紫粒、6份黑粒青稞品种(品系)的基本营养品质指标和重要抗氧化活性物质成分进行了测定。结果表明:(1)不同参试青稞品种(品系)的营养品质存在差异,其中淀粉含量为31.90%~52.70%,膳食纤维含量为10.59%~15.39%,蛋白质含量为11.90%~17.30%,总酚含量为0.23%~0.35%,黄酮含量为0.15%~0.25%,维生素E含量为0.29%~0.85%;(2)不同粒色青稞品种(品系)营养品质存在显著差异,其中彩色品种(品系)的淀粉、膳食纤维和蛋白质平均含量分别比白色青稞品种高2.63%,3.66%,19.85%;抗氧化活性物质(除总酚外)存在显著差异,其中彩色品种(品系)的总酚、黄酮和维生素E含量分别比白色青稞品种高11.54%,7.10%,12.47%。彩色青稞在营养品质和抗氧化活性物质含量方面优于白色青稞,在功能性保健产品开发方面有较高的利用价值。

As a special germplasm resource,the quality of color hulless barley is determined by its seed color. Our purposes are to understand the differences of the nutritional quality( starch,dietary fiber and protein) and antioxidant activity substance( total phenol,flavonoids,vitamin E) content between color( seed coat) and white( seed coat) grain hulless barleys,and to provide data support for the application of color hulless barleys in the nutrition and health food processing. According to the GB/T 5009. 9—2016,GB 5009. 88—2014,GB 5009. 5—2010,Folin phenol colorimetry and HPLC,the basic nutritional quality index and important antioxidant components were determined. We analyzed 15 hulless barley varieties( strains),of which seven with white seed color,two with purpleseed color and six with black seed color. The results show that:( 1) There are differences in nutritional quality of hulless barley varieties( strains). The content range of starch,dietary fiber,protein,total phenol,flavonoids and vitamin E are 31. 90% ~ 52. 70%,10. 59% ~ 15. 39%,11. 90% ~17. 30%,0. 23% ~ 0. 35%,0. 15% ~ 0. 25% and 0. 29% ~ 0. 85%,respectively.( 2) There are significant differences in nutritional quality and antioxidant activity substances( except total phenol)of different grain color hulless barley varieties( strains). The average content of starch,dietary fiber,protein,total phenol,flavonoids and vitamin E of color varieties( strains) were 2. 63%,3. 66%,19. 85%,11. 54%,7. 10% and 12. 47% higher than those of white varieties,respectively. Color hulless barley is superior to white huless barley in terms of nutritional quality and antioxidant activity substance content,and has high utilization value in the development of functional health care products.