青海部分地区不同年龄段牦牛球虫感染情况的调查

Epidemiological investigation of yak coccidiosis with different ages in some regions of Qinghai

为了掌握青海省部分地区和不同年龄段牦牛球虫病的流行规律,本研究从青海省海北州海晏县、祁连县和黄南州尖扎县采集1月龄,3月龄,8月龄和1岁以上的牦牛粪便587份,用蔗糖漂浮法进行球虫卵囊检查。结果表明:球虫卵囊阳性粪便为310份,占52.81%。临床引起的腹泻率为23.85%。海晏、祁连、尖扎县牦牛球虫感染率分别为47.85%,48.92%和63.53%,各地之间感染率没有显著差异(P>0.05)。3月龄的球虫感染率最高(79.22%,P<0.05),1月龄内的牦牛球虫感染率为最低(17.72%,P<0.05)。共发现牦牛感染13种艾美尔球虫,其中Eimeria bovis,E.canadensis,E.ellipsoidalis和E.zuernii为调查地区牦牛球虫感染的主要虫种,均为致病性较强的虫种,应引起高度重视。

In order to understand the epidemic situation of yak coccidiosis from the different regions and ages( 1 months,3 months,8 months,and above 1 year yaks) of Qinghai,a total of 587 fecal samples were collected from Haiyan,Qilian and Jianza County. The coccidian oocysts were examined by using saturated sucrose floatation. The results showed 310 samples( 52. 18%) were positive. The clinical diarrhea rate was 23. 85%. The coccidian oocysts infection rate of the yaks from Haiyan,Qilian and Jianza county were 47. 85%( 89/186),48. 92% and 63. 53%,respectively,and there was no difference( P > 0. 05) between different counties. The coccidian oocysts infection rate of 3 months' yaks was the highest( 79. 22%,P < 0. 05),and the lowest infection rate was within 1 months yaks( 17. 72%,P < 0. 05). Thirteen species of infected yaks Eimeria were identified,of which the predominant coccidiain were E. bovis,E. canadensis,E. ellipsoidalis and E. zuernii,and also they were the main infectious species for yaks. So these species should be paid high attention to.