摘要
国际珊瑚贸易已被确定是珊瑚出口大国珊瑚种群局部枯竭的一个潜在原因。国际珊瑚贸易受《国际野生动植物濒危物种贸易公约》(CITES)协定的控制,该协定要求珊瑚的出口不应有害于该物种。主要珊瑚进口地区(美国和欧洲)威胁说,除非证明确实采取了可持续的做法,否则将限制或禁止珊瑚进口。可持续性确定的时空尺度,如在地质、地区或地方尺度,对于评价可持续性是重要的。其他主要的问题包括:目标物种的生态;包括规定禁采区在内的管理方案;以及珊瑚养殖的潜力等。在珊瑚开采业中实行加强生态可持续性的做法是可能的,但由于自然资源管理能力有限,在一些发展中国家中要做到这一点可能是困难的。
The international trade in corals has been identified as a potential cause of localjzed depletion of coral populations in the major coral-exporting countries. The international coral trade is regulated by the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Flora and Fauna (CITES) agreement, which requires that export of corals is not detrimental to the species. The primary coral importing regions (USA and Europe) have threatened to limit or ban coral imports unless sustainable practices can be demonstrated. The spatial and temporal scale at which sustainability is defined is important in evaluating sustainability, e.g. at geological, regional or local scales. Other major issues are: the ecology of the target species; management options including provision of no-take areas; and the potential for coral culture. Implementation of practices that enhance ecological sustainability in the coral harvest fishery is possible, but may be difficult in some developing countries because of limited natural-resource management capacity.
