苦痛的身体与失序的生活——一位青年女性精神分裂症病人患病经历的研究

The Painful Experience and the Messy Life——A Study on the Experience of a Young Woman with Schizophrenia

对一名青年女性精神分裂症病人的跟踪式田野调查发现:患者病发时的幻听、妄想的内容具有社会文化含义;在医院封闭空间接受治疗的患者在特定空间里成为被改造、被规训的对象,遵照医护人员制定的空间秩序和身体规训的制度,试图被"正常化";患者家属受"作孽-报应""风水破坏""鬼魂作怪"等地方性疾病认知的影响,对疾病的发生及治疗有自己的逻辑,并对患者采取一系列的民俗治疗。总之,通过对患者患病状态、救治行为及生存处境的"深描",剖析了精神分裂症与医疗系统、地方文化传统之间的关联,对精神分裂症的生物性、文化性与社会性予以整体性的呈现。

Through a field survey of young women who were sick at 17-year old,have lived in rural areas for a long time,and have been suffering from illness for eight years,it is found that the auditory hallucinations and delusions of patient have social and cultural implications.Patients who receive treatment in a closed space in a hospital will be transformed and disciplined.They will be'normalized'based on the rules and regulations about their room and health established by medical personnel.Due to their cognition biases against the disease(which is said to be related to Karma,Fengshui and ghosts),the family members of the patient take the occurrence and treatment of the diseases differently,and give a series of traditional treatments for the patient.In short,through the'deep description'of the disease,the treatment and the living conditions of the patient and the relationship among schizophrenia,medical system and local cultural traditions are revealed to give a full picture of the biological,cultural and social implications of schizophrenia.