盐穴电池储能技术及发展前景

Salt Cavern Battery Energy Storage Technology and Development Prospects

高效率、低成本的大规模储能技术是推进能源结构转型、降低弃风弃光率、实现电网削峰填谷的关键。传统的液流电池采用储液罐储存电解液,其投资成本高、占地面积大,限制了其容量的提升及在大规模储能方面的应用。盐穴电池储能技术采用盐穴储存电解液,具有安全性高、投资成本低、储量大及技术成熟等优点,容积巨大的盐穴完全可以满足大规模储能装机容量的要求。介绍了盐穴电池储能技术的工作原理,并结合盐穴储液技术的特点提出了盐穴电池储能技术发展的关键因素,最后,针对大规模储能技术发展趋势,探讨了盐穴电池储能技术的发展前景。

High efficiency, low cost and large-scale energy storage technology is a key technique for promoting energy source structure adjustment, reducing the power limitation rate in wind farm or photovoltaic station and achieving the electricity shift from peak periods to off-peak periods. Conventional redox flow batteries use tanks to store electrolyte, but large storage tanks increase construction cost and floor space, limiting the capacity improvement and large-scale application for redox flow batteries. Due to the characteristics of high safety, low cost, large-scale storage and mature technology for salt cavern liquid storage, the electrolyte is stored in salt cavern for salt cavern battery storage technology. The large volume of salt caverns can meet the requirement of large energy storage capacity. In this paper, the working principle of salt cavern battery is introduced. Meanwhile, combined with the characteristics of salt cavern liquid storage technology, the key factors for salt cavern battery are proposed. Finally, potential application protects of salt cavern battery in future large-scale energy storage technology are discussed.