物理学中决定论的正、反、合

The Subject, Antithesis and Synth■)sis of Determinisms in Physics

在物理学的发展过程中,出现过三种形式的决定论,对应着三种不同的世界图景。经典决定论的基础是单位因果关系,描述的是二体问题,阐述决定者和被决定者之间的线性关系。统计决定论以大量偶然事件为基础,统计事件系统的整体运动的必然性。概率决定论以过去、现在和未来的非线性关系为基础,以概率的形式描述某一随机事件的发展趋势和规律。统计决定论和概率决定论都是一种非常单值因果关系。三种形式的决定论既有本质的区别,又存在一些共同的联系。

There are three forms of determinism in development of physics, which correspond to three pictures of the world. The basis of classic determinism shows a single value cause-effect relation, and what it describes is the dualism problem, while statistical determinism is based upon a host of contingencies, and counts up the necessity of movement as a whole. The probability determinism has as its basis the non-linear relation among time in the past, present and future, and describes the tendency and law of a contingency in the form of probability. Both statistical determinism and probability determinism are a non-single value cause-effect relation. The three determinisms differ. in nature but share some features in common.