覆盖免耕土壤棵间蒸发的研究

Study on Soil Evaporation of No-tillage with Mulch

本文以翻耕、铁茬等常规耕作为对照,采用Micro-1ysimeter对覆盖免耕夏玉米田的土壤棵间蒸发进行了较为系统地研究。同翻耕、铁茬等相比,免耕有效地减少土壤棵间蒸发,免耕土壤日蒸发量最低,铁茬其次,翻耕最高;从阶段土壤棵间蒸发量变化看,翻耕的蒸发量较高,前期与免耕和铁茬差异较大,后期差异减小,免耕最低;从蒸发占蒸散的比例看,翻耕蒸发比例高,免耕比例最低。免耕可以有效地减少土壤蒸发量,增加作物蒸腾耗水。

We analyzed soil evaporation of different tillage treatments. Although water consumption difference was not significant among the tillage treatments, soil evaporation changed significantly. Compared with conventional tillage and direct drilling, no tillage could reduce soil evaporation effectively. The lowest daily soil evaporation was in no tillage while conventional tillage was the highest. The proportion of evaporation to evaportransportation for conventional tillage was the highest and no tillage the lowest. No tillage with mulch could reduce soil evaporation and increase crop transportation, which was important for water saving agriculture.