颈深筋膜间隙的薄层断面解剖研究及其临床意义

A study of sectional anatomy on the deep cervical fascial space

目的 :为颈深筋膜间隙的影像和临床疾病的诊治提供解剖学依据。方法 :应用低温冰冻技术 ,制作 15套颈部连续薄层横断面标本 ,在断面上对颈深筋膜各间隙进行观测研究。结果 :明确了各间隙的位置、毗邻及出现范围 ;证实了危险间隙的存在 ;得出胸骨上间隙应是由颈深筋膜浅层和舌骨下肌筋膜围成 ;发现颈动脉间隙不是一密闭的间隙 ,其后外侧与颈后间隙相通。结论 :用横断层解剖方法能清楚显示各颈深筋膜间隙的形态结构。

Objective: To describe and explain the deep cervical fascial space on the transverse section and to provide anatomical basis for the image and clinic diagnosis. Methods: Cryosection was used to make thin serial cross-section of the neck of 15 cadavers. The deep cervical fascial spaces were observed on the serial axial sections. Results: The position, relations and appearing planes of the deep cervical fascial spaces were described. The danger space was proved to exist. It was found the suprasternal space was enclosed by the superficial layer of the deep cervical fasciae and the fasciae of the infrahyoid muscles. The carotid space was an open space, which was communicated posterolaterally with the posterior cervical space. Conclusions: The transverse sectional method may provide more information for the deep cervical fascial spaces.