皖北农村地区PCI术后患者自我管理行为的研究

Study on self-management behavior of patients after PCI in rural areas of northern Anhui province

目的了解新农合背景下,皖北地区经皮冠状动脉介入治疗(PCI)术后患者自我管理行为现状,探讨影响因素及对策。方法选取2014年—2016年在本院接受冠脉支架植入术的皖北农村地区患者98例作为研究对象,采用冠心病自我管理行为量表(CSMS)和开放式问卷对术后患者自我管理现状进行问卷调查并对调查数据进行描述性分析、t检验、方差分析和多重线性回归分析。结果皖北农村地区PCI术后患者自我管理行为得分为(72.28±11.90)分,呈低水平,各维度得分由高到低依次为不良嗜好管理(13.93±2.97)分、一般生活管理(11.29±2.26)分、情绪控制(10.56±1.96)分、急救管理(10.14±3.18)分、疾病知识管理(9.51±2.50)分、症状管理(9.05±2.76)分、治疗依从性管理(7.49±2.52)分。多重线性回归分析显示,影响皖北农村地区PCI术后患者自我管理能力的因素有文化因素、PCI手术次数、空巢与否(P<0.05)。结论加强经皮冠状动脉介入治疗术后患者自我管理行为模式的训练,尤其农村地区的患者,提高其术后自我管理行为水平是帮助其提高治疗效果的最佳方式,值得临床推广。

Objective To understand the status of self-management of patients after percutaneous coronary intervention in northern Anhui under the background of new rural cooperative medical system(NCMS)and explore the influencing factors and countermeasures.Methods Coronary heart disease self-management behavior scale(CSMS)and open questionnaire was used to survey the self-management status of 98 post-PCI patients in rural areas in northern Anhui.The survey data were analyzed by descriptive analysis,t-test,ANOVA and multiple linear regression analysis.Results The scores of self-management behavior of patients in rural areas of northern Anhui after PCI were(72.28±11.90),it was on a low level The scores of all dimensions in descending order were:bad habits management(13.93±2.97),general life management(11.29±2.26),Emotion control(10.56±1.96),emergency management(10.14±3.18),disease knowledge management(9.51±2.50),symptom management(9.05±2.76)and treatment compliance management(7.49±2.52).Multiple linear regression analysis showed that the factors influencing the self-management ability of PCI patients in rural areas in northern Anhui were cultural factors,number of PCI operations,whether they were empty nesters(P<0.05).Conclusions It is the best way to enhance self-management behavior of patients after percutaneous coronary intervention,especially in rural areas,to improve their postoperative quality of life,worth of clinical promotion.