科技政策研究的发展与展望探析

Development and Trends of Science and Technology Policy Research

科技政策是当今世界各国政府公共政策的重要组成部分。自第二次世界大战后在国家政府政策体系中确立地位以来,科技政策本身随世界形势与格局的变化经历了多个发展阶段:从认识到科技发展的必要性和紧迫性,到以军事科技领域为主的基础研究,再到以产业技术开发为重点的发展阶段,发展为今天创新政策是科技政策的战略重点。相应的,科技政策研究的理论、方法、对象和范围也在不断发展变化。展望未来,科技政策研究的理论基础在不断变化,基于事实的科技政策研究将成为重要发展方向,科技政策研究的分析方法、工具与系统平台不断丰富,科技政策研究将更加注重重点科技领域面向未来的战略决策研究。

Science and Technology Policy(STP) has become an important part of government public policy in most countries around the world.Since the World War II(WWII),the development of STP has experienced several stages with the changing economical and political situations since it was regards as part of government policy.From the necessity and urgency of the development of S&T was recognized after WWII,to the basic research related to military areas was vastly invested during the period of Cold War;From the industry technology was regarded as the most important part of STP during 1980s-1990 s,to the innovation policy has become more and more important in the 21 century.Meanwhile,the basic theories,methods,objects and scopes of STP research have also experienced a changing development.For the future prospect,with the development of the theory of STP,the evidence based STP will be an important trend.With the development of analysis methods,tools and platforms,the future-oriented strategic decision analysis within major S&T areas will be more and more important.