美国科技项目管理信息系统

The Digital System for Management of the Research Grants in the United States

美国政府的科技项目管理信息系统已得到普遍应用,项目流程管理完全实现了信息化,大大提高了项目管理效率。美国科技项目管理信息系统的主要特点是:科技项目被纳入联邦政府统一管理系统,项目管理受到依法协调和监管,项目信息公开透明便于公众监督。美国3个比较有代表性的科技项目管理信息系统为联邦政府的统一项目管理平台Grants.gov、国立卫生研究院的eRA系统以及国家科学基金会的FastLane系统。可以说,美国的科技项目管理信息系统已比较成熟,但美国仍在不断改进,以更好地提高项目管理效率。

This paper examines the characteristics of the digital systems for the management of the research grants in the United States. The digital systems have following characteristics: all the research grants are incorporated into the Federal management system; research grants are coordinated and supervised in accordance with the law; information related to research grants are transparent to facilitate the supervision of the public. The paper introduces three digital systems, i.e. Grants.gov of the Federal government, eRA of NIH and the FastLane of the NSF. The digital systems have been widely used in the U.S., however they have been updating all the time with the aim to improve the efifciency of project management.