重识社会唯物主义与历史唯物主义的边界——舒尔茨《生产运动》解读

Refocusing on the Boundary between Social Materialism and Historical Materialism——On Movement of Production by Schulz

在马克思思想发生史上,舒尔茨的《生产运动》具有重要地位。在这本国家统计学著作中,舒尔茨不仅从物质生产的现实出发批判资本主义制度,而且完整地使用了生产力、生产关系、生产方式等概念,为马克思提出历史唯物主义提供了重要启发。同时,舒尔茨的生产理论仍然是以隐性的唯心主义为根基的社会唯物主义,与马克思的历史唯物主义有本质差异。

In the history of Marx’s thought, Movement of Production by Schulz has an important position. In his work of national statistics, Schulz not only criticized the capitalist system from the reality of material production, but also completely used the concepts of productivity, relations of production and modes of production, which provided an important inspiration for Marx to put forward historical materialism. Meanwhile,Schulz’s production theory as social materialism is based on implicit idealism, which is fundamentally different from Marx’s historical materialism.