奥氏体不锈钢应变强化过程中化学元素对马氏体转变的影响

The effect of chemical elements on martensite transformation in austenitic stainless steel strain hardening

应变强化技术被应用于奥氏体不锈钢材料制造的低温压力容器,其核心是在加工过程中发生的变形促使部分奥氏体组织转变为马氏体组织,最终提高钢材的性能。而材料的化学元素决定着马氏体转变温度、层错能以及奥氏体的稳定性。本文从化学元素的基本作用出发,探讨其对奥氏体不锈钢冷加工过程中板材的应变诱导马氏体转变的影响。结论是:化学元素对奥氏体不锈钢应变强化过程中的马氏体转变起着至关重要的作用,其中C、Cr和Ni的影响最大;同时,化学元素影响着马氏体转变的起止温度,是奥氏体不锈钢在室温下进行形变马氏体相变的重要条件。

strain hardening has been used in cryogenic pressure vessel fabrication which is made of austenitic stainless steel. The deformation in the process transforms the austenite into martensite to raise the mechanical property of steel. Chemical elements determine the martensite transformation temperature, stacking fault energy and the stability of austenite. This article will discuss the effect of chemical elements on martensite transformation in austenitic stainless steel strain hardening, based on the chemical elements basic effect. The conclusion is chemical elements has critical effect on martensite transformation, C, Cr and Ni have the largest effect. And chemical elements determine the martensite transformation temperature which is the most important condition that austenitic stainless steel could be transformed into martensite at room temperature.