我国农民平等信贷机会研究

Research on Farmers' Equal Credit Opportunities in China

在我国现行的市场经济运行体系中,就金融资源的可获得性而言,农民是最弱势的市场主体之一。我国农村的个人信用基础数据尚未健全,农民欠缺可用于抵押担保的财产,获取信贷的机会远低于城镇人口。对农村的多种产权模式进行确权,赋予农民一定的信贷资源风险配置,限制银行对农民信贷的最高利率,可以改善农村信贷资源配置不足的现状。本文以新制度经济学的视角,研究在我国确立平等信贷机会法、公平信用报告法,完善失信惩罚制度等个人信用制度体系,促使农民理性申贷、按时还贷,从制度上降低农民信贷风险成本,提高效率,以期在农村普遍建立起农民个人信用的基础数据库,促进我国信用经济的发展。

In the current market economy operation system of our country,as far as the availability of financial resources is concerned,farmers are one of the most vulnerable market subjects. The basic data of personal credit in rural areas of China are not yet perfect,and farmers lacking the property that can be used for mortgage guarantee causes their access to credit being far low er than that of urban population.The current situation of insufficient allocation of credit resources in rural areas can be improved by confirming the rights of various property in rural areas,giving farmers a certain allocation of credit resources,and limiting the maximum interest rate of bank credits to farmers. From the perspective of new institutional economics,this paper studies the establishment of personal credit system in China,such as equal credit opportunity law,fair credit reporting law,and the improvement of penalty system for dishonesty,w hich promotes farmers to apply for loans rationally and repay loans on time,so as to reduce the farmers’ credit risk systematically,improve efficiency,establish the basic database of farmers’ personal credit in rural areas and promote the development of credit economy in China.