风廓线雷达资料在天气业务中的应用现状与展望

Review on Application of Wind Profiler Radar in Weather Monitoring and Forecasting

风廓线雷达是目前我国着重规划发展的垂直风廓线探测设备,其探测资料对天气预报预警具有重要价值。本文回顾了风廓线雷达资料在灾害性天气监测和预报中的应用,阐述了业务应用中存在的主要问题和未来发展的方向。风廓线雷达探测产品能够监测不同尺度天气系统的结构和演变,估计降水相态以及雨滴谱分布的云微物理信息,其提供的高空风资料进入快速同化系统和中尺度模式可以提高预报准确率,最后介绍了风廓线雷达单站和组网资料在强对流天气监测和业务中的应用情况,为预报员通过利用风廓线雷达资料了解天气系统的中尺度信息提供了一定的参考。

Wind profiler radar(WPR)is the vertical wind profile detection equipment,which has been attached great importance to the development in China and plays an important role in weather forecast and nowcasting.This paper reviews the application of wind profiler radar data in different types of severe weather monitoring and forecasting.The main problems in the application and its prospects are discussed.WPR products can monitor not only the structures and evolution of different scale weather systems,but also the phase of the precipitation and estimate the size and height distributions of precipitation particles.Wind profiler data has positive impact on the Rapid Update Cycle(RUC)model and mesoscale models,and help provide improved skill in short-range weather forecasts.The operational application of severe weather monitoring and forecasting by single stations and the network of WPR is illustrated to provide some references for NWS forecasters.