银川市城市规划前后温度场特征对比

Characteristic Comparison of Temperature Field before and after Urban Planning in Yinchuan

以南京大学区域边界层模式(RBLM)为工具,利用银川国家基准气候站地面和探空观测数据,模拟了银川市四季3种典型风速天气条件下城市规划前后大气温度场,结果表明:现状下,夏季,小风和大风情景下高温区域面积大于一般风情景下;冬季,小风情景下高温面积最大,大风情景下高温区域面积最小;春季一般风情景下高温面积最大;秋季一般风情景下高温区域面积最大。银川市四季城市热岛效应表现均很显著,四季日变化表现为夜间水域附近的温度较城区建设用地高,白天尤其是14:00,城区建设用地温度较水域附近温度高。14:00在城市建设用地密集区域气温较高,且城市建设越密集气温越高,仅在冬季小风日和春季大风日表现得较弱。城市规划后,温度场在3种典型天气条件下分布特征与现状下分布规律总体趋于一致,只是高温区域较之前略小,低温区域较之前略大。城市规划后,3种典型天气条件下热岛面积均小于规划前,城市热岛效应减弱。

Using the regional boundary layer model developed by the Nanjing University(RBLM),the radiosonde and ground observation data of the Yinchuan national reference climatological station,the characteristics of the temperature fields before and after the implementation of the current urban planning are simulated under three typical wind speed conditions in four seasons.Results show that in the present situation,the high temperature area is greater in small wind and high wind conditions than in general wind condition in summer;the high temperature area is the largest in small wind and the least in high wind in winter;the high temperature area is the largest in general wind in the spring and autumn.The urban heat island effect is very significant in all seasons in Yinchuan,and temperature is greater around the waters than in the urban area in the night time,and vice versa in the day time,especially around 14:00.At 14:00air temperature in the urban construction is obviously higher,and the denser the construction sites,the higher temperature is;only in the winter small wind and the spring strong wind conditions,the difference is small.After the implementation of the urban planning,the temperature field distributions under three kinds of typical wind conditions are consistent with the present situation in general,but the high temperature area is smaller and the low temperature area is larger.Under the three typical wind conditions,the heat island area is less,and the urban heat island effect weakens,compared to that before the implementation of the urban planning.