宗教与法律的博弈——《威尼斯商人》中夏洛克的命运解说

The Game Between Religion and Law——The Analysis of Shylock's Destiny in the Merchant of Venice

莎士比亚在《威尼斯商人》中,通过对夏洛克、安东尼奥等人物的性格、职业及宗教派别辅以浓墨重彩的刻画,再现了14世纪和15世纪意大利最强大和最富有的海上贸易中心的威尼斯城中基督徒和犹太人的紧张关系。通过夏洛克和安东尼奥的官司,体现出当时人们对于社会契约精神与对犹太教徒的经济利用和宗教信仰压迫的矛盾写实。在宗教和法律的博弈下,夏洛克作为异教徒的法律权益被以一种"令人憎恶"的面貌出现,注定了犹太人对基督徒充满仇恨并伺机复仇却必然像"豺狼"一样被法官"正义"处决。

In The Merchant of Venice,Shakespeare represents the intensive relationship between Christians and Jews in Venice which is the center of Italian strongest and richest maritime trading hub in the 14 th and 15 th centuries,by the means of description of characters,professions and religious denominations of Shylock,Antonio,etc.With the lawsuit between Shylock and Antonio,it reflects the realistic contradiction between the spirit of social contract and the economic utilization and religious oppression upon Jews.In the Game of religion and law,the legal rights and interests of the heathen,Shylock,is presented as'abominable'.The revenge of the Jew with his hate upon Christian is doomed to be executed by judges.