大气非绝热加热作用的研究进展与展望

Research Progresses and Prospects of Atmospheric Diabatic Heating

大气非绝热加热与天气系统的发生发展有密切联系,与降水等天气过程密不可分,非绝热加热在大气运动中有着至关重要的作用。对非绝热加热的研究和理解,有助于改进数值预报模式,增强数值天气预报模式的预报能力。本文系统梳理了大气非绝热加热的基本内容,近几十年非绝热加热及其作用的研究成果,主要包括非绝热加热的概念及其表征、非绝热加热的时空分布特征、非绝热加热与季风、天气系统(如西太平洋副热带高压、热带气旋、温带气旋和急流)和降水之间的关系,以及非绝热加热在数值模式中的表征,进而指出有待于进一步研究的方面。

Diabatic heating is closely related to the occurrence and development of weather system and is closely related to weather processes such as precipitation.Diabatic heating plays an important role in atmospheric motion and has drawn more and more attention in recent years.Study and understanding of diabatic heating can help improve numerical weather forecasting model and enhance the forecasting ability of numerical weather forecasting model.This paper systematically analyzes the basic contents of diabatic heating and the research results of diabatic heating in recent decades,mainly including concept and characterization of diabatic heating,spatio-temporal distribution characteristics of diabatic heating,relationship between diabatic heating and monsoon,relationship between diabatic heating and weather systems such as subtropical high over western Pacific,tropical cyclone,temperate cyclone and jet streams,and relationship between diabatic heating and precipitation as well as the characterization of diabatic heating in the numerical model,etc.Then,we point out that diabatic heating should be further studied.