摘要
目的:探讨导致新生儿发生抗生素相关性腹泻的危险因素及预防对策。方法:对2011年10月~2013年8月期间我院收治的使用抗生素进行治疗的120例患儿的临床资料进行回顾性研究。我们将这些患儿分为对照组和观察组,将未发生抗生素相关性腹泻的60例患儿作为对照组,将发生抗生素相关性腹泻的60例患儿作为观察组。对这120例患儿的出生时体质量、住院时间、日龄、胎龄和抗生素的使用情况等指标进行分析,从中找出观察组患儿发生抗生素相关性腹泻的危险因素,并提出相应的预防对策。结果:导致新生儿发生抗生素相关性腹泻的危险因素主要有:1患儿的胎龄较小。2患儿出生时的体质量较轻。3患儿住院的时间较长。4对患儿进行治疗时使用的抗生素种类较多。5对患儿进行治疗时使用的干预措施较多。进行预防的对策为:1在使用抗生素前,应明确抗生素的使用范围,避免滥用抗生素。2在使用抗生素对患儿进行治疗时,应密切观察其肠道内菌群的平衡性和稳定性,若其肠道内菌群出现紊乱,应及时对其进行相应的治疗。3在对患儿使用抗生素进行治疗时,应避免选用广谱抗生素。尽量选取生态制剂类药物对患儿进行治疗,以保持其肠道内正常菌群的平衡稳定性。4做好围生期胎儿的保健工作,以降低早产儿的发生率。5鼓励产妇使用母乳喂养患儿。结论:导致新生儿发生抗生素相关性腹泻的危险因素主要有:1患儿的胎龄较小。2患儿出生时的体质量较轻。3患儿住院的时间较长。4对患儿进行治疗时使用的抗生素种类较多。5对患儿进行治疗时使用的干预措施较多。在临床上对新生儿使用抗生素进行治疗时,医护人员应密切关注以上危险因素,并对其采取相应的预防措施,以降低新生儿抗生素相关性腹泻的发生率。
Objective: to neonatal antibiotics leads to some risk factors related to diarrhea were analyzed, put forward to effective measures to prevention and treatment of associated diarrhea. Methods: retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 60 cases of antibiotic associated diarrhea patients, the clinical data of 60 cases with the same period and has nothing to do with antibiotics were compared. Results: the risk of antibiotic associated diarrhea in children are the following: the factors of children with age and gestational age, birth weight less than light, long period of hospitalization, intensive care is not in place, there are many kinds of antibiotics application and intervention inappropriate. Conclusion: there are many kinds of risk occurrence cause of antibiotic associated diarrhea in neonatal factors, medical personnel should pay close attention to these risk factors, and to take some effective measures to actively carry out prevention and control, to a certain extent to reduce the incidence of antibiotic associated diarrhea in children.
