我国留守儿童受照顾权保障问题研究

Protection of the Right of Getting Good Care of the Left- Behind Children in China

留守儿童受照顾权得不到保障是留守儿童问题产生的重要原因,解决留守儿童问题实际上就是在解决留守儿童受照顾权的保障问题。保障留守儿童的受照顾权,要努力降低农民工子女进城就读的成本;要强化监护人的监护责任,规定不得让未满18周岁的儿童脱离监护独自生活,要求监护人树立"一切以孩子为主"的监护观念;要规范委托监护制度,明确监护责任转移的条件,明确合适受托人的标准,明确委托人与受托人的责任分担;要建立国家监护制度,建立监护监督、监护人惩戒与国家直接监护制度;要加大财政支持,可提供免费火车票、免费午餐,开办寄宿制学校,投放儿童津贴等;要充分激发社会各界力量,发挥社会和市场资源的作用,营造关爱留守儿童的社会氛围。

The right of getting good care can't be guaranteed is the main reason for the problem of left- behind children,so to solve the problem in fact is to solve the problem of the protection of the left behind child's right of getting good care. In order to protect this right of the left- behind children,we should make efforts to reduce thestudying cost in the city,strengthen the responsibility of guardians,not allow children under the age of18 to live alone,let the guardianshave the concept of'all for children',standardize entrusted guardianship system,define the conditions of guardianship transfer,make sure the qualifications of trustee,distinguish client's and trustee 's responsibilities,establish a national guardianship system,set up the guardianshipsupervision,guardian discipline and direct state guardianship system,increase financial support,provide free train tickets and free lunch,open boarding schools and give childrenallowance,fully stimulate the power from all walks of life,make social and market resources play their parts,and create a social atmosphere of caring left- behind children.