城市生活垃圾处理处置现状分析

DISPOSAL AND TREATMENT OF MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTE:STATE-OF-THE-ART

本文研究了国内外城市生活垃圾的产生量、组成特点及其变化趋势 ,综述了城市生活垃圾的处理、处置技术现状与研究进展 ,分析了我国在城市生活垃圾处理处置方面存在的问题及其原因 ,并对我国城市生活垃圾处理处置的发展方向作了探讨。结果表明 :在今后相当长的时间内 ,我国的垃圾处理方式将仍以填埋为主 ;堆肥也会占有一定比例 ;焚烧法由于其对垃圾减容减量效果好 ,无害化程度高 ,并能回收部分能量 ,加之我国城市垃圾中有机组分逐渐增高 ,热值相应增加 ,同时能用于填埋的土地越来越少 ,将成为我国城市垃圾处理的一种极具发展前景的方式。

A literature survey on quantity and characteristics of municipal solid waste (MSW) in typical cities all over the world, the methods and technologies available for disposal and treatment of MSW, and the progress in research and development of these technologies as well, was given in this paper. Further more, both issues and the causes resulted in these issues in management of MSW in China were discussed. It is concluded that in a rather long time in future landfill will be the dominant way in the treatment of MSW in China, meanwhile proportion of MSW disposal by means of sanitary landfill will increase gradually. Although compost of MSW will also play an important role, its application is dependent on its products' distribution. As incineration can reduce MSW volume by up to 90% and decrease MSW weight by 75%, when the following factors, such as stable increase of heating value of MSW in china, rapid decrease of land suitable for landfilling, are taken into account, it is self evident that incineration will be a promising technology for the treatment of MSW in China.