北京市大气细颗粒物的遗传和非遗传毒性研究

Studies on the genetic and epigenetic toxicity of airborne fine particulate matter in Beijing.

用胞质阻断微核试验与单细胞凝胶电泳法检测北京市大气PM2.5无机提取物与有机提取物对Balb/c 3T3细胞微核形成与DNA链断裂的影响;通过划痕染料示踪技术(SL/DT)观察PM2.5无机提取物与有机提取物对Balb/c3T3细胞间通讯的影响.发现PM2.5有机提取物可引起双核微核细胞率显著增加(P<0.01)及导致慧星细胞率和DNA迁移长度显著增加(P<0.01);PM2.5有机提取物引起细胞间通讯的抑制; PM2.5无机提取物未见明显毒作用.结果表明,PM2.5可引起染色体损伤和原发性DNA损伤,抑制细胞间通讯,其毒作用主要由其有机成分引起.

The effects of extracted organic components(EOC) and inorganic extracts of airborne particulate matter(PM2.5) in Beijing on micronucleus formation of Balb/c 3T3 cell and DNA strand breaks, were inspected using cytochalasin B-blocked test and single cell electrophoresis method; and their effects on gap junction intercellular communication (GJIC) of Balb/c 3T3 cells were observed through scrape-loading/dye transfer (SL/DT) technique. It was found that PM2.5 organic extracts increased significantly the rate of micronucleited binucleated cells (P<0.01), the frequency of comet cells and the distances of migration of DNA (P<0.01), and inhibited the GJIC; PM2.5 inorganic extracts did not have marked toxicity. Results demonstrated that PM2.5 could induce chromosome damage, primary DNA damage and inhibition of the GJIC; and its toxicity is mainly induced by its organic component.