宜黄自然保护区华南虎野生种群调查及栖息地评价

Field survey on South China tigers and their habitat evaluation in Yihuang Provincial Reserve in Jiangxi Province.

江西省宜黄县省级自然保护区以华南虎 (Pantheratigrisamoyensis)为主要保护对象 ,是近几年发现华南虎证据最多的区域 .中美华南虎联合考察队于 2 0 0 1年 3 7月对该保护区进行了调查 ,采用访问调查法、样线调查法、痕迹调查法、红外线自动照相技术等目前国际国内通用的方法和技术 .该次考察虽未证实该区域华南虎存在的确切信息 ,但较系统地调查了该区域的生境资料 ,初步评价了华南虎的生存环境 .其结论为 ,由于乱捕滥猎、过度的经济活动、栖息地缩小和破碎化是导致目前华南虎极度濒危甚至难觅其踪迹的主要原因 .该区域历史上是华南虎较多的区域 ,目前仍具备华南虎生存的基本条件 .

South China tiger (Panthera tigris amoyensis) is ranked class I of the protected animals in China. In recent years in the mountainous forests of Yihuang County, Jiangxi Province, where being founded a provincial reserve for South China tiger, about 26 evidences were involved in possible existence of the tigers. Field survey of Sino U.S.A. was conducted in this reserve during March to July, 2001. Methodology in the survey includes visiting local people, transect sampling, and trail master monitoring, which are internationally adopted for large cats. By all of these methods, so far, no information definitely involved in the tiger has been found, however, the habitat data are systematically collected, and with which to assess the surviving conditions. The conclusions are reached as follows, historically South China tigers were relatively abundant in Yihuang County, but by the heavily hunting, poaching, habitat shrunking and fragmenting associated with excessive economic activities, the tigers have become extremely endangered. Meanwhile, the data from the study indicate that there are basic conditions for the tiger living in the reserve.