中药材重金属污染的原因和治理方法初探

Preliminary Exploration on Causes of Contamination by Heavy Metals of Chinese Medicinal Materials and Measures for Its Improvement

中药材重金属污染是药材生产中亟待解决的重要问题。作者在对部分川产药材的研究中发现,重金属污染现象较为普遍,不同药材超标程度不同。近年国际上治理土壤中重金属污染的方法主要有两个方面,其一是改变重金属在土壤中的存在形态,使其固定、降低其在环境中的迁移性和可利用性,从而不被植物吸收;其二是从土壤中去除重金属。在中药材GAP基地建设中,可研究借鉴这些方法,运用于生产,达到中药材、优质、安全、质量可控的目的。

The contamination by heavy metals of Chinese medicinal materials is a major problem to be solved urgently in the production of medicinal materials. The authors of this article have found in their studies of some medicinal herbs produced in Sichuan Province, China that the contamination by heavy metals is rather common and surpasses the national standards at different degrees in different medicinal materials. In recent years, the improvement of the contamination by heavy metals in soils mainly includes 2 aspects in the world: 1) To change the existing status of heavy metals in soils, make them fixed and decrease their mobility and availability in the environment, thus preventing them from being absorbed by plants; 2) To eliminate heavy metals from soils. In the construction of GAP bases, these measures can be further studied and put into production of medicinal materials so as to help reach the goals of high and controllable quality and safety of Chinese medicinal materials.